Ultra Low Frequency Fields of Moving Bodies

$210.00

Series: Physics Research and Technology
BISAC: SCI003000

A new approach to body detection and control based on its unavoidable ultra-low frequency (ULF) oscillation related to its motion in media (mainly, in the ocean) is presented. The main concept of this approach lies in enriching the list of moving body control enabling factors by influence of ULF oscillations on the body’s outer fields. It is shown that ULF oscillation of a moving body could be detected in the atmosphere or in the ocean directly with the aid of ambient fluid ULF pressure or velocity changes, say, observed inside an oceanic layer or on the ocean’s surface. But ULF oscillation’s indirect appearance is demonstrated to be the most important for submerged moving body detection. This appearance comprises an additional ULF modulation (distortion) of outer natural sound fields related to ocean wind noise and distant shipment noise in forward scattering. The physical analogy an indirect moving body ULF oscillation is justified in the book and could be partly compared to the recent universe gravity waves detection discovery in 2016 with the aid of electromagnetic wave distortion that is provided by gravity wave propagation. Specifics of sound scattering by flow inhomogeneity generated by a moving body were demonstrated in Acoustics of Moving Inhomogeneities, which was published recently by Nova Science Publishers. However, this very book is devoted in particular to the modulation of forward scattered sound fields of the ULF field provided by a moving body and the application of corresponding results to its control in the ocean, as well as mainly to submerged submarine control. Proposed detection methods are independent of a moving body’s self-noise level. Their application requires consideration of the ambient flow (including surface gravity wave flows) contribution to sound diffraction by the finite size moving body, mainly in forward scattering. A lot of known diffraction problem results should be revised in the light of a moving body ULF field. Examples of practical applications are presented, showing that moving body detection (especially in deep water ocean regions with the aid of natural outer field ULF modulation) is successfully achieved. Detection in shallow water regions is slightly worse due to a smaller wave inhomogeneity scale and when the natural ULF hydrodynamics’ noise field level increased. It is shown that body detection distances being thought as unachievable are realized in light of these new moving body ULF field effects. The book is aimed at providing a new approach to external fields of a moving body, mainly submarines. This version of submarine detection is practically substantiated and proven to be effective in Russia for various ocean regions with the aid of various types of arrays. Conclusions substantiated in the book are recommended for practical application. At the same time, additional efforts of scientists, hydroacoustics and naval equipment specialists related to various ULF field applications based on theory predictions are necessary. (Imprint: Nova)

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Introduction

Chapter 1. Grounds of ULF Fields Application

Chapter 2. ULF Fields and Processes in Nature

Chapter 3. ULF Fields of Localized Source in Ocean

Chapter 4. ULF Flows around Moving Body

Chapter 5. Acoustics outside Moving Bodies

Chapter 6. Applications of Moving Body ULF Fields

Conclusion

References


Reviews

“Dr. Semenov is among few scientists who have drawn attention of colleagues interested in moving body detection to its ultra-low frequency oscillations and provided theoretical background to prediction of corresponding additional hydrodynamic ultra-low frequency fields in atmosphere and ocean. The text is rich in physical details and experimental data explaining limits of known moving body detection methods and providing their comparison to detection method proposed as well as endorsing validity and reality of achieved results. The book is essential for scientists or naval engineers taking a serious interest in moving body detection progress.” – Professor Sergey N. Kulichkov, Deputy Director, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Laureate of Russian Government prize in the field of physical sciences

“This book provides substantial contribution to solution of basic problem of hydroacoustics related to detection of underwater objects, for instance submarines, in their self-noise reduction environment. Major part of the book is related to description of natural and man-made ultra-low frequency field’s behavior in ocean and atmosphere. It is important that scattering evaluation methods developed in the book allow evaluation of sound field scattered by slowly oscillating moving body capable of generating ambient flow field including gravity waves and ordinary wake predict their decisive contribution to forward scattered sound signals. These results provide grounds for alternative method of submerged moving objects detection in ocean. Examples of practical detection results achieved with aid of various underwater arrays either stationary or installed on ship board published by a number of authors in the web during last decades are also adduced. These results achieved at distance ranges from several to hundred miles support theoretical predictions and provide recommending the book for acoustician and naval engineers developing acoustic systems for outdoor observations as well as for naval specialists responsible for ocean shipping situation control.” – Professor Alexander V. Evtushenko, Full Professor of Mathematics and Computer Science Department in Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow, Russia

“This book is written by an experienced specialist in acoustics of moving media and underwater hydroacoustics Dr. Andrew (Andrey) Semenov from Acoustics Institute in Moscow, Russia. It shows insufficiency of current state-of-the art in naval hydroacoustics and moving media acoustics related to detected objects self noise noticeable reduction. Main chapters of the book are related to the detailed description of ultra low frequency field structure and its origins in ocean and to sound scattering by moving bodies taking into account specifics of slowly oscillating moving body ambient flow including gravity waves and wake arguing their decisive contribution to observed sound signals. This approach developed by the author since the very beginning of 1980s presented in ”Acoustical Physics” journal and in “Acoustics of Moving Inhomogeneities” book published recently by Nova Science was realized in pioneer methods of moving body detection in ocean inhomogeneous media. Another impressive and informative chapter of the book is related to body detection experimental results achieved on various underwater hydroacoustics arrays either stationary or installed on ships board. These results are demonstrated in various ocean regions for wide enough target distances ranges from several miles to hundred miles. In general, book will be useful for acousticians and naval engineers developing acoustic systems for underwater or atmosphere observations, and also for marine officers involved in application of underwater naval hydroacoustics arrays for targets control in ocean.” – Professor Igor B. Esipov, Full Professor of Physics Department in I.M. Gubkin’s Oil and Gas University, Moscow, Russia, Vice Editor-in-Chief of “Acoustical Physics” journal, Russian Acoustical Society Executive Board member, Acoustical Society of America member

“This book provides substantial contribution to solution of actual naval hydroacoustics problems related to submarines self-noise reduction. Few chapters of the book are related to description of natural and artificial ultra-low frequency field sources in ocean and atmosphere. Moving bodies sound scattering evaluation methods taking into account ambient flow fields related to oscillating moving body including gravity waves and wake arguing their decisive contribution to observed sound signals, mainly, for submarines in ocean are developed in the book as well. It allows providing alternative method of submarine detection. Important portion of the book is devoted to submarine detection experimental results achieved with aid of various underwater hydroacoustics arrays. These results demonstrated for wide enough submarine distances ranges from several miles to hundred miles support theoretical predictions and allow recommending the book for acousticians and naval engineers developing acoustic observation systems as well as for specialists applying underwater hydroacoustics arrays for shipping control in ocean to provide dichotomy classification of the targets detected.” – Professor Victor D. Svet, Leading Research Scientist, academician N.N. Andreev’s Acoustics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences


References

[1] Landau L. D. and. Lifshitz E. M, 1987 Fluid Mechanics, Oxford – New York, Pergamon Press.
[2] Landau L. D. and Lifshitz E. M., 1975 Classical Theory of Fields, Oxford – New York, Pergamon Press.
[3] Landau L. D. and Lifshitz E. M., 1986, Theory of Elasticity, Oxford – New York, Pergamon Press.
[4] Prandtl L. and Tietjens O. G., 1934 Fundamentals of Hydro- and Aeromechanics, N. -Y., McGraw-Hill.
[5] Blokhintsev D. I., 1998 Acoustics in Moving Inhomogeneous Media, London, Taylor Francis.
[6] Lamb H., 1932 Hydrodynamics, Cambridge, University Press.
[7] Milne-Thomson L. M., 1960 Theoretical Hydrodynamics, London, Macmillan.
[8] Isakovich M. A., 1973 General Acoustics Moscow, Nauka [in Russian].
[9] Morse P. M. and Ingard K. U., 1968 Theoretical Acoustics, New York, McGraw-Hill.
[10] Loytsyansky L. G., 1987 Gas and fluid mechanics, Moscow, Nauka [in Russian].
[11] Brekhovskih L. M., 1960 Waves in layered media, New York, Academic.
[12] Brekhovskih L. M. and Lysanov, Yu. P 1982. Fundamentals of Ocean Acoustics, Berlin, Springer.
[13] Brekhovskih L. M.

and Goncharov V. V. 1982 Introduction to Mechanics of Continuous Media, Nauka, Moscow [in Russian].
[14] Tolstoy I. and Clay C. S., 1966 Ocean Acoustics, New York, McGraw – Hill.
[15] Rytov S. M. 1940 Modulated Oscillations and Waves, Proc. of Lebedev’s Physical Institute of Acad. Sci. USSR, vol. 11, no. 1. Moscow [in Russian].
[16] Lighthill M. J. 1978. Waves in Fluids, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
[17] Huskind M. D., 1973. Hydrodynamic theory of ship rocking, Moscow, Nauka (in Russian).
[18] Sretensky L. N., 1977. Theory of fluid wave motions, Moscow, Nauka (in Russian).
[19] Rozhdestvensky V. V., 1970. Dynamics of submarine, vol. 1, Leningrad, Sudostroenie (in Russian).
[20] V. A. Akulichev et al. 1986. Periodic phase transformation in fluids, Moscow, Nauka [in Russian].
[21] Leblond P. and Mysak L. 1978. Waves in the Ocean, Amsterdam, Elsevier.
[22] Flatte, S. M., Ed. 1979. Sound Transmission through a Fluctuating Ocean, Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1979.
[23] Konyaev K. V. and Sabinin K. D. 1992. Waves inside the Ocean, St. Petersburg: Gidrometeoizdat [in Russian].
[24] Rabinovich A. B. 1993. Long Gravity Waves in the Ocean: Capture, Resonance, and Radiation, St. Petersburg, Gidrometeoizdat [in Russian].
[25] Naugolnykh K. A., Ostrovsky L. A. 1990. Nonlinear wave processes in acoustics, Moscow, Nauka [in Russian].
[26] D. Rubenstein and M. Brill, 1991. in Ocean Variability and Acoustic Propagation, Ed. by J. Potter and A. Warn-Warnas , Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp. 215-228.
[27] Born M., Wolf E. 1973 Fundamentals of optics, Moscow., Nauka (translation, in Russian).
[28] Brekhovskih L. M, Godin O. A. 1989 Acoustics of layered media, Moscow, Nauka (in Russian).
[29] Zverev V. A., Editor 1997 Formation of Acoustical Fields in Oceanic Wave guides: Coherence Phenomena, Inst. of Applied Phys., Nizhniy Novgorod, 1997 (in Russian).
[30] Bjorno L. (Editor) 1985 Underwater acoustics and signal processing, Moscow, Mir (translation, in Russian).
[31] Ilyin A. V., Geological Models of the Bottom in Ocean Acoustics, in Acoustic Waves in the Ocean, Moscow: Nauka, 1987, pp. 130-137. (in Russian).
[32] Aki, K. and Richards, P., Surface Waves in a Vertically Inhomogeneous Medium, in Quantitative Seismology: Theory and Methods, Moscow: Mir, 1983, vol. 1, pp. 247-315. (in Russian).
[33] Jensen F. B. and Kuperman W. A., Propagation of Seismic Waves, in Underwater Acoustics and Signal Processing, Bjorno L., Ed., Dordrecht: Reidel, 1981.
[34] Ewing W. M., Jardetzky W. S. and Press F. 1957, Elastic Waves in Layered Media, McGraw-Hill, New York.
[35] Zavadsky V. Yu. 1972, Calculation of Wave Fields in Open Regions and Waveguides Nauka, Moscow (in Russian).
[36] Molotkov L. A., 1984, Matrix Method in the Theory of Wave Propagation in Elastic and Fluid Layered Media, Nauka, Leningrad (in Russian).
[37] Samarsky A. A. and Gulin A. V., 1982, Numerical Methods, Nauka, Moscow (in Russian).
[38] Semenov A. G. 2016. Acoustics of Moving Inhomogeneities, New York, Nova Science Publishing
[39] Tolstoy A., Diachok O., Frazer L. N. 1991. Acoustic tomography via matched field processing//J. Acoust. Soc. America, v. 89, №2, P. 1119-1127.
[40] Ye Z. 1995. Theoretical description of possible detection of swimbladdered fish in forward scatter//J. Acoust. Soc. America, v. 98, №5, pt. 1, P. 2717-2725.
[41] Ingentio F. 1987. Scattering from an object in a stratified medium//J. Acoust. Soc. America, v. 82, №4, P.2051-2059.
[42] Borodin V. V., Galaktionov M. Yu. 1998. Fundamentals of the high-frequency forward scattering sonar//Fields in Oceanic Waveguides, Coll. Papers, Ed. V. A. Zverev, v. 2, Nizhniy Novgorod, P. 259-355 (in Russian)
[43] Sukharevsky Yu. M. 1995. Statistics of deep water oceanic regions basic acoustic parameters and probabilistic range of sonar systems//Acoust. Phys., v. 41, №5, pp. 749-763
[44] Sukharevsky Yu. M. 1999. Decrease in acoustic fields of sonar objects in realistic ocean physical conditions and their acoustic undetectability criteria//Acoust. Phys., v. 45, №2, pp. 230-235
[45] Ageeva N. S., Krupin V. D. 1984. Shallow water modes frequency response behavior due to variability of sediments layers longitudinal waves velocity and water layer sound velocity profiles//Soviet Physics Acoustics, v. 30, №5, pp. 577-584.
[46] Semenov A. G. 2008.

On long range tomography inhomogeneity control limits and appropriate parametric array requirements.// Proceedings of the European conference on Underwater Acoustics, Acoustics – 08, Paris, France, July 2008.
[47] Truchard J. J. 1978. Parametric receiving array and scattering of sound by sound//J. Acoust. Soc. America, v. 64, №1, P. 280-285.
[48] Krolik J. and Narasimhan S. 1996. Performance Bounds on Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate in the Presence of Mesoscale Sound Speed Variability//J Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 254-265.
[49] Colossi J., Flatte S., and Bracker C. 1994. Internal Wave Effect on 1000 km Oceanic Acoustic Pulse Propagation: Simulation and Comparison with Experiment//J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 96, no. 2, pp. 452-468.
[50] Munk W. and Baggeroer A. 1994 Heard Island Papers: a Contribution to Global Acoustics//J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 2327-2329.
[51] Munk W., Spindel R., Baggeroer A., and Birdsall T. 1994. Heard Island Feasibility Test//J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 96, no. 4, p. 2330.
[52] Burenkov S., Gavrilov A., Uporin A., and Furduev A. 1994. Heard Island Feasibility Test: Long-Range Sound Transmission from Heard Island to Krylov Underwater Mountain//J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1994, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 2458-2463.
[53] Smith K. 1995. Acoustical Oceanography and Underwater Acoustics: Acoustic Interaction with Internal Waves in Shallow Water//J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 98, no. 5, part 2, pp. 2330-2342.
[54] Munk W., Snodgrass E, and Tucker M. 1959 Spectra of Low-Frequency Ocean Waves//Bull. Of Scripps Oceanographic Inst., Univ. of California, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 283-362.
[55] Nickols R. 1981. Infrasonic Ambient Noise Measurements: Eleuthera//J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1981, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 974-981.
[56] Webb S. and Cox C. 1984. Pressure and Electrical Fluctuations on the Deep Seafloor: Background Noise for Seismic Detection//Geophysical Res. Letters., vol. 11, no. 10, pp. 967-970.
[57] Webb S. and Cox C. 1986. Observations and Modeling of Seafloor Microseisms//J. Geophysical Res., vol. 91, no. B7, pp. 7343-7358.
[58] Webb S. 1988. Long-Period Acoustic and Seismic Measurements and Ocean Floor Currents//IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 1988, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 263-270.
[59] Sutton G. and Burstow N. 1990 Ocean Bottom Ultralow Frequency (ULF) seismoacoustic Ambient Noise: 0.002-0.4 Hz//J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 87, no. 5, pp. 2005-2012.
[60] Strasberg M. 1979. Nonacoustic Noise Interference in Measurements of Infrasonic Ambient Noise//J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 1487-1493.
[61] Bandow T., Mitsuyasu H., and Kusaba T. 1986. An Experimental Study of Wind Waves and Low Frequency Oscillations of Water Surface//Rep. of Res. Inst. for Applied. Mech., vol. 33, no. 101, pp. 13-32
[62] Korneva L. A. and Grigorash Z. K. 1979. Experimental Characteristics of Energy Spectra of Waves in the Black Sea, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR//Physics of Atmosphere and Ocean, vol. 15, no. I, pp. 99-102 (in Russian).
[63] Efimov V. V. and Soloviev Yu. R. 1984. Low-Frequency Oscillations of the Sea Level and the Group Velocity of Wind Waves, Izv. Akad. Nauk USSR//Physics of Atmosphere and Ocean, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 985-994 (in Russian).
[64] Tucker M. 1950. Surf Beats: Sea Waves of 1 to 5 min Period//Proc. R. Soc., London, Ser. A, vol. 202, no. 1071, pp. 565-573.
[65] Nefedov L. M., Pelinovsky, E. N., and Soustova I. A. 1987. Pressure Fluctuations Caused by Internal Waves//Morskoy Gidrofiz. Zh. No. 1, pp. 63-64 (in Russian).
[66] Belov A., Serebryany A., and Zhuravlev V. 1996. Fluctuations of Low Frequency Acoustic Signals in the Presence of a Tidal and Internal Waves in Shallow Water, Proc. 8th Int. Symposium on Acoustic Remote Sensing and Associated Techniques of the Atmosphere and Oceans, Moscow, 1996.
[67] Borodin V. and Galaktionov M. 1997. New Mathematical Model of Sound Field Fluctuations in Shallow Water Environments with Boundary and Volume Roughness, in Formation of Acoustical Fields in Oceanic Waveguides: Coherence Phenomena. Nizhniy Novgorod: Inst. of Applied Phys., pp. 161-185.
[68] Galaktionov M. Ju. 1991 PhD Thesis, Acoustics Institute, Moscow (in Russian).
[69] Headryck R. H., Lynch J. E., Kemp J. N., el al 2000//J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 107, 221.
[70] Noble K. and Flatte S. 2000//J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 107, 747.
[71] Katsnelson B. G., Kulapin L. G., Migulin A. A., and Petnikov V. G. 1992//Akust. Zh. 38, 308 [Sov. Phys. Acoust. 38, 164].
[72] Zhuravlev V. A., Kobozev I. K., Migulin A. A., et al. 1991//Akust. Zh. 37, 1212 [Sov. Phys. Acoust. 37, 635].
[73] Katsnelson B. and Pereselkov S., 1996. In Proceedings of the International Conference OCEANS’96 MTS/IEEE, Florida, USA, pp. 27-31.
[74] Katsnelson B. C. and Petnikov V. G., Acoustics of Shallow Sea, Moscow, Nauka, 1997.(in Russian).
[75] Zhou J., Zhang X., and Rogers P. 1996. Proceedings of the International Conference OCEANS’96 MTS/IEEE, Florida, USA, pp. 1-8.
[76] Bunkin F. V., Kravtsov Yu. A., Omelchenko N. N. et al. 1987. Acoustic Waves in the Ocean, Ed. by L. M. Brekhovskih and I. B. Andreeva, Nauka, Moscow, 1987, pp. 76-83.
[77] Apel J. R. et al. 1997//IEEE J. Ocean Eng. 22, 465.
[78] Saveliev A. Ya., 1973, Akust. Zh. 19, 231 [Sov. Phys. Acoust. 19,154].
[79] Serebryany A. N. 1993//Comptes Rendus of Russian Acad. Sci., Phys. Atmosphere & Ocean 29(2), 244.
[80] Ageeva N. S., Krupin V. D., Perelygin V. P., and Studenichnik N. V, 1994, Development of a Geoacoustic Model of a Shallow Sea Floor, Akust. Zh. vol. 40, no. 2. pp. 181-188 [Acoust. Phys., vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 159-165].
[81] Grudsky S. M., Mikhalkovich S. S., and Khilko A. I., Low-Frequency Sound Propagation in an Underwater Waveguide with an Ice Surface Layer of Finite Width. Akust. Zh. 1997, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 630-634 [Acoust. Phys., vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 542-545].
[82] Fokina M. S., Fokin V. N., and Sharonov G. A., 1997, Identification of a Layered Bottom in a Shallow Sea from Space-Frequency Dependences of Losses, Akust. Zh. vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 688-695 [Acoust. Phys., vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 596-603].
[83] Favretto-Anres N., 1996, Theoretical Study of the Stonely – Scholte Wave at the Interface between an Ideal Fluid and Viscoelastic Solid, Acustica-Acta Acustica, vol. 82, pp. 829-838.
[84] Poiree B. and Luppe F, Evanescent Plane Waves and the Scholte – Stonely Interface Waves, J. d’Acoustique. 1991, no. 4, pp. 575-588.
[85] Rabau G., Models geoacoustiques, Ph. D. Thesis, University D’Aix—Marseille II, France, 1990.
[86] Biot M. A., The Interaction of Rayleigh and Stonely Waves in the Ocean Bottom, Bull. Seismologic. Soc. Am., 1952, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 81-93.
[87] Lapin A. D., Waves in a Solid Half Space with an Overlying Liquid Layer, 1992, Akust. Zh. vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 364-367 [Sov. Phys. Acoust., vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 198-199].
[88] Lapin A. D., Excitation of Waves in Elastic Half Space by a Dipole Source Located in the Overlying Liquid Layer, Akust. Zh, 1992, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 559-562 [Sov. Phys. Acoust. vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 309-311].
[89] Gushchin V. V., Dokuchaev V. P., Zaslavsky Yu. M., and Konyukhova I. D., Power Distribution between Different Types of Waves in a Semi-Infinite Elastic Medium, Studies of Earth by Explosive Sources, Moscow; Nauka, 1981, pp. 113-118. (in Russian).
[90] Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Univ. of California, 1987, vol. 91.
[91] Di Napoli F. R. and Davenport R. L., 1980, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 67, 92.
[92] Brian, L., Underwater Sound in Marine Geology, in Underwater Acoustics, New York: Plenum, 1967, vol. 2.
[93] Shevchenko V. I. and Rezanov I. A., Deep Geological Structures of Crimea, Caucasus, Copetdag, and the Adjacent Water Areas of the Black and Caspian Seas, in Comprehensive Studies of the Black Sea Depression, Moscow: Nauka, 1976. (in Russian).
[94] Worzel J. L., Standard Oceanic and Continental Structures, in Geology of Continental Margins, Berlin: Springer, 1974.
[95] Hamilton E. L., Geoacoustic Modeling at the Sea Floor, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1980, vol. 68, no. 5, pp. 1313-1339.
[96] Buckingham M. J., 1992, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 5, 223.
[97] Hamilton E. L., Geological Models of the Sea Bottom, in Physics of Sound in Marine Sediments, Hampton, L., Ed., New York: Plenum, 1974.
[98] Mudrov D. E., 1991, Numerical Methods for Personal Computers in BASIC, FORTRAN, and Pascal Languages, RASKO, Tomsk, (in Russian).
[99] Schmidt H. and Jensen F. B., 1985, Computational Math. App. 11, 669.
[100] Kibblewhite A. C., Attenuation of Sound in Marine Sediments: A Review with Emphasis on New Low-Frequency Data, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1989, vol. 86, no. 2, pp. 716-738.
[101] Glattetre J. et al. Mode Interference and Mode Filtering in Shallow Water: A Comparison of Acoustic Measurements and Modeling, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1989, vol. 86, no. 2, pp. 680-690.
[102] Ainslie M. A. and Burns P. W., 1995, Energy Conservation Reflection and Transmission Coefficients for a Solid-Solid Boundary, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 98. No. 1, pp. 2836-2840.
[103] Semenov A. G. and Kudryavtsev O. V., On Accurate Method of 2-D Vector Wave Field in Ocean Layered Media Numerical Modeling, Proc. OCEAN OSATES Conference, Brest (France), 1994.
[104] Bespalov L. A., Derzhavin A. M., Kudryavtsev, O. V. and Semenov A. G., 1998, in Ocean Acoustics: Proceedings of the Advanced-Study School of Academician L M. Brekhovskih, GEOS, Moscow, pp. 104-108.
[105] Semenov A. G., Derzhavin, A. M. and Kudryavtsev O. V., 1998, Proceedings of Marine Technology Society Annual Conference, Baltimore, Vol. 1, pp. 457-461.
[106] Semenov A. G., Derzhavin A. M., and Kudryavtsev O. V., 1999, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 105, 1266.
[107] Semenov A. G. and Kudryavtsev O. V., 1994, in Proceedings of OCEAN OSATES Conference, Brest, France.
[108] Furduev, A. V. 1974, Ocean Noise, Ocean Acoustics, Moscow: Nauka, pp. 615-691 (in Russian).
[109] Furduev, A. V. 1994. Sea Diagnostics Using Its Noise Field//Akust. Zh. vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 875-876 [Acoust. Phys., vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 774-775].
[110] Aredov, A. A. and Furduev, A. V. 1994. Angular and Frequency Dependences of the Bottom-Reflection Coefficient from the Anisotropic Characteristic of a Noise Field//Akust. Zh. vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 200-204 [Acoust. Phys., Vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 176-180].
[111] Aredov, A. A., Dronov, G. M., and Furduev, A. V. 1990. Effect of Wind and Internal Waves on Ocean Noise Parameters//Akust. Zh. vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 581-585 [Sov. Phys. Acoust., vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 329-330].
[112] Aredov, A. A., Galybin, N. N., and Furduev, A. V. 1993. An Acoustic-Oceanological Experiment on Recording Internal Waves//Akust. Zh. vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 584-591 [Sov. Phys. Acoust., vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 307-310].
[113] Aredov, A. A., Okhrimenko, N. N., and Furduev, A. V. 1988. Noise-Field Anisotropy in the Ocean (Experiment and Calculation)//Akust. Zh. vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 215-221 [Sov. Phys. Acoust., vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 128-131].
[114] Semenov A. G. et al. 1992. Effect of natural internal waves on sound amplitude fluctuations in shallow water arctic region//Proceedings of the European conference on Underwater Acoustics, Luxembourg. Ed. M. Weydert, Elsevier publication London New York. P. 351-355.
[115] Semenov A. G. et al. 1992. Experimental comparison of sound amplitude fluctuations statistical characteristics in deep and shallow water sub-arctic regions//Proceedings of the European conference on Underwater Acoustics, Luxembourg. Ed. M. Weydert, Elsevier publication London New York. P. 329-333.
[116] Semenov A. G. 1994 On optimization possibility for ocean acoustic tomography system//Journal de Physique IV, Colloque C5, supplement au Journal de Physique III, V. 4, P. 1087-1090.
[117] Gromov Yu. I., Semenov A. G. 1993. Ultra-Low Frequency Pressure Transducers Calibration and Development//Proc. Underwater Defense Technologies ’93 Conference, Cannes (France), 1993.
[118] Semenov A. G. 1994. Ultra-Low Frequency Pressure Transducer Calibration//Journal de Physique IV, Colloque 5, Suppl. au Journ. De Phys. Ill 1994, vol. 4, pp. 251-254.
[119] Semenov A., Skvortsov A. et al. 1992. Effect of Natural Internal Waves on Sound Amplitude Fluctuations in Shallow Water Arctic Region//Proc. European Conference on Underwater Acoustics, Luxembourg, 1992, London: Elsevier, 1992, pp. 351- 355.
[120] Lapin A. D. and Semenov A. G. 1988. Evaluation of Sound Field Modulation Produced in a Waveguide by Small Variations of Its Width, Report of the acad. N. N. Andreev’s Acoustics Institute, Moscow: Akust. Inst., 16p (in Russian).
[121] Derzhavin A. M. and Semenov A. G. 1994. Environmental Ocean Ultra-Low Frequency Pressure Fields Generalized Data Limits Estimate//Proc. OCEANS 94 OSATES Conf. Brest (France), 1994; IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., Special Issue.
[122] Bespalov L. A., Derzhavin A. M., Semenov A. G. 1998. Natural variability of hydrodynamic and acoustic fields in the ocean in the ultra-low frequency range//Acoust. Phys., v.44, №5, pp. 507-515.
[123] Derzhavin A. M., Semenov A. G. 1999. On natural variability of sound field in long-range ocean propagation//Acoust. Phys., v.45 №2 pp. 172-181.
[124] Derzhavin A. M., Semenov A. G. 2001. Sound fluctuations caused by internal waves in a shallow sea//Acoust. Phys., v. 47, №2, pp.210-21.
[125] Bespalov L. A., Derzhavin A. M., Kudryavtsev O. V., Semenov A. G. 1999. Modeling of the seismoacoustic field of a low-frequency source with allowance for the structure of the ocean bulk//Acoust. Phys., v. 45, №1, pp. 19-30.
[126] Derzhavin A. M., Kudryavtsev O. V., Semenov A. G. 2000. Simulation of the vector wave field of a low-frequency sound source in the ocean: some important features//Acoust. Phys., v. 46, №4, pp. 480-489.
[127] Derzhavin A. and Semenov A., Ocean Ambient Low Frequency Acoustic Noise Structure in Shallow and Deep Water Regions, J. de Phys. IV, Colloque C5, Suppl. au Journ. De Phys. HI, 1994, vol. 4, pp. 1269-1273.
[128] Lighthill M. J. 1952 On Sound generated aerodynamically. General Theory//Proc. R. Soc., London Ser. A., 211, 564-587.
[129] Hinders M. 1991 Extinction of sound by spherical scatterers in a viscous fluid//Physical Review A 43(10), 5628-5637.
[130] Fabrikant A. L. 1983 Sound scattering by vortex flows//Soviet Physics – Acoustics 29, 262-267.
[131] Semenov A. G., Sukharevsky Yu. M., Khrekov A. P. 1986 Analysis of hydroacoustics signals on stationary trace Sakhalin Island – Iturup Island in 1982 year experiments. Report of the acad. N. N. Andreev’s Acoustics Institute, Moscow: Akust. Inst., 48p (in Russian).
[132] Semenov A. G., Khrekov A. P. 1987 Analysis of hydroacoustics signals on stationary traces in Barents Sea in 1983 year experiments. Report of the acad. N. N. Andreev’s Acoustics Institute, Moscow: Akust. Inst., 62p (in Russian).
[133] Semenov A. G. et al 1992. The features of sound propagation in the vicinity of moving body//Sov. Phys. Acoust. 38, 321-328.
[134] Alekseev V. N. and Semenov A. G. 1992 Sound scattering by moving sphere//Sov. Phys. Acoust. 38, 433-441.
[135] Alekseev V. N. 1995. Low-frequency sound scattering from a sphere moving in an ideal fluid//Acoust. Phys. 41, 326-330.
[136] Alekseev V. N. and Semenov A. G. 1993. Viscosity influence on sound scattering by moving body//Acoust. Phys. 39, 105-113.
[137] Semenov A. G. et al. 1992. On sound scattered by a potential flow near a moving sphere. Proceedings of European Conf. on Underwater Acoustics, London, 439 – 442.
[138] Alekseev V. N. and Semenov A. G. 1992. On Sound Scattered by Sphere Moving in Slightly Compressible Fluid, Proceedings of European Conf. on Underwater Acoustics, London, 443 – 447.
[139] Semenov A. G. et al. 1995. Sound scattering by potential flow arising from sphere motion//Acoust. Phys. 41, 774-780.
[140] Alekseev V. N. and Semenov A. G. 1996. Scattering of sound by localized flow//Acoust. Phys. 42, 273-279.
[141] Alekseev V. N. and Semenov A. G. 1994. Diffraction of sound on a moving, large-radius sphere//Akust. Zh. 40 (2), 189 -195 [Acoust. Phys., 41 (2), 166-171].
[142] Alekseev V. N. et al. 1983 Sound radiation pressure force on a sphere//Akust. Zh. 29 (2), 129 – 136 [Sov. Phys. Acoust. 29, 77 – 80].
[143] Semenov A. G. et al. 1997. On radiation pressure force acting on vortices//Acoust. Phys. 43, 5-10.
[144] Alekseev V. N. and Semenov A. G. 2000. On role of the wake in sound scattering by moving body//Acoust. Phys. 46, 641-648.
[145] Semenov A. G. 2009. On low-frequency sound scattering in a moving microinhomogeneous medium//Acoust. Phys. 55, 698-707, (2009).
[146] Semenov A. G. 2010. On sound scattering in a viscous moving microinhomogeneous medium at large Reynolds numbers//Acoust. Phys. 56, 296-306, (2010).
[147] Semenov A. G. 2009. On sound scattering in turbulent moving medium (corpuscular model). Annual Proceedings of Workshop – Acoustics of inhomogeneous media, Moscow, GEOS, 99-116 (in Russian).
[148] Semenov A. G. 2010. On sound scattering due to Brownian motion of solution suspended micro particles. Proceedings of Prof. A. V. Rimsky-Korsakov 100-years Memorial Conference of Russian Acoustics Soc., Moscow, GEOS, 212-224 (in Russian).
[149] Semenov A. G. 2012. Sound scattering laws for moving microinhomogeneous medium//American Journal of Fluid Dynamics. 2 (4), 42-54.
[150] Semenov A. G. 2012. On alternative model of sound scattering in turbulent moving media//American Journal of Fluid Dynamics. 2 (6), 122-136.
[151] Bugaev V. V., Muzychenko V. V. and Paniklienko A. P. 1986. Amplitude of resonance sound scattering by finite cylindrical shells//Soviet Physics – Acoustics 32(4), 324-327.
[152] Paniklienko A. P. 1991. Influence of the medium on low-frequency resonance scattering of sound by finite cylindrical shell//Soviet Physics – Acoustics 37(4), 385-388.
[153] Zaitsev V. Yu., Ostrovsky L. A. and Sutin A. M. 1987. Mode structure of the field of a parametric radiator in an acoustic waveguide//Soviet Physics – Acoustics 33(1), 21-24.
[154] Bershadsky B. R., Semenov A. G. et al. 1980. Law of outer physical field modulation related to body motion. Claim of discovery No. 1154 to USSR State Committee of Inventions and Discovery.
[155] Semenov A. G., Bershadsky B. R. et al. 1980. Method and device for moving body detection and classification. USSR Patent No. 151839 (claim 2271305), priority date 18.01.1980, state reg. date 06.11.1980.
[156] Semenov A. G., Surikov B. S. et al. 1981. Method and device for moving body detection and classification. USSR Patent No. 155314 (claim 2276259), priority date 07.04.1980, state reg. date 04.02.1981.
[157] Semenov A. G., Bershadsky B. R. et al. 1981. Method and device for moving body detection and classification. USSR Patent No. 156204 (claim 2275281), priority date 25.03.1980, state reg. date 02.03.1981
[158] Semenov A. G., Bershadsky B. R., Bychkov S. E. et al. 1986. Method and device for moving body detection and classification. USSR Patent No. 237793 (claim 3088551), priority date 07.05.1984, state reg. date 02.06.1986.
[159] Leksin Val. P., Leksin Vic. P. 2012 Is there contemporary hydroacoustics hardware in Russia? Website: vpk.name /…/ 109773 _est _li _v _rossii _sovremennoe _gidroakusticheskoe _vooruzhenie…, Part 1- Part 7 (in Russian).
[160] Uzunoglu N. K., Fikioris J. G. 1982 Scattering from an inhomogeneity inside a dielectric-slab wave guide//Journ. Optical Soc. America, v. 72, №5, P.628-637.
[161] Gottis P. G., Kanellopoulos J. D. 1986 Scattering from dielectric cylinder embedded in two-layer lossy medium//Int. J. Electronics, v. 61, №4, P. 477-486.
[162] Uzunoglu N. K., Kanellopoulos J. D. 1982 Scattering from underground tunnels//J. Phys. A., v. 75, №15, P. 459-471.
[163] Nemtsov V. N., Fedoriuk M. V. 1986 Diffraction of sound waves on thin body of revolution in two layered fluid//Akust. Zhurn. v. 32, No. 1, pp. 131-134 (Soviet Physics Acoustics v. 32, No. 1).
[164] Kremer K. 1997 Advanced Underwater Technology with Emphasis on Acoustic Modeling and Systems//Proceedings of EAA Symposium Gdansk – Jurata, May 1997.
[165] Munk W. H. Ocean acoustic tomography: A scheme for large-scale monitoring//Deep Sea Res., 1979, v. 26, №2A, P. 123-161.
[166] Gradstein I. S., Ryzhyk I. M. 1963 Tables of integrals, sums, series and products, Moscow, State Publishing House of Physics and Mathematics literature (in Russian).
[167] Abramovitz M., Stegun I. A. 1964 Handbook of mathematical functions with formulas, graphics and mathematical tables, Washington, National Bureau of Standards, Applied mathematics series 55.


This book export markets coincides with countries able to develop or buy submarines for their navy. In fact they are aware that important destination of these ships is in detecting and following submarines and ships of other probably adjacent countries or countries possible enemies in ocean. These countries are also interested in detection hostile ships penetrating their mares. That is why they are developing hydroacoustics utilities (arrays) either coastal or installed on their ships (submarine) boards. Excluding Russia these countries are USA, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Australia, China, India, Iran, Italy, Germany, Sweden etc.

Publish with Nova Science Publishers

We publish over 800 titles annually by leading researchers from around the world. Submit a Book Proposal Now!