Membrane Distillation: Materials and Processes

$230.00

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Series: Energy Science, Engineering and Technology
BISAC: SCI024000

Desalination is imperative to mitigate the global water scarcity as it produces drinking water from unpotable water. Currently, reverse osmosis membrane processes are widely used and account for 60% of desalination plants globally as they have lower energy requirements than other techniques, such as thermal desalination. Another promising alternative to desalination is membrane distillation (MD), which has been highlighted as one of the most promising and cost-effective desalination technologies over the last five decades. MD is a thermally driven desalination process that uses microporous and hydrophobic membranes through which only vapor can pass. Because non-volatile ions cannot pass through the membrane, MD theoretically achieves 100% salt rejection. In addition, MD is superior to other techniques as it is conducted at relatively low temperature and pressure, and is less sensitive to the feed concentration. MD is a desalination process that uses the vapor pressure difference between the feed and permeate as the driving force through the membranes.

Over 2,800 scientific publications appeared in Web of Science as of September 2019 (over 400 just in 2019) describing the current state of development and potential future applications of MD. Although these publications provide excellent knowledge regarding MD, they are rather fragmented, and it is difficult to gain a complete overview of the basic principles and functions of membranes for MD configurations and their application to real plants. In this book, we introduce MD from the invention of this technique to the recent developments in membranes and processes. The membrane materials and configurations of MD processes are systematically discussed, along with an introduction to real pilot plants that have been installed and tested in the field, and an economic analysis of MD. The objective of this book is to provide a short, but reasonably comprehensive, introduction to MD to graduate students and persons with an engineering or natural science background, to gain a basic understanding of MD, and the associated materials, configurations, and applications, without studying a large number of different reference books.
(Imprint: Nova)

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Preface

Introduction

Chapter 1. Introduction to Membrane Distillation
(Young Moo Lee, Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea)

Chapter 2. Properties and Fabrication Methods of Membranes for Membrane Distillation
(Sang Hyun Park and Young Moo Lee, Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea)

Chapter 3. Polymeric Membranes for Membrane Distillation
(Sang Hyun Park and Young Moo Lee, Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea)

Chapter 4. Ceramic Membranes for Membrane Distillation
(Chia-Chieh Ko, Kuo-Liang Chuang, Yi-Rui Chen, Chien-Hua Chen and Kuo-lun Tung, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, and others)

Chapter 5. Recent Progress in the Preparation and Modification of Omniphobic Membranes for Membrane Distillation
(Minwei Yao, Leonard D. Tijing, Myoung Jun Park, Yun Chul Woo, June-Seok Choi and Ho Kyong Shon, Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia, and others)

Chapter 6. Use of Antiscalants in Membrane Distillation
(Navya Thomas, Nurshaun Sreedhar and Hassan A. Arafat, Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE)

Chapter 7. Membrane Modules for Membrane Distillation
(Aamer Ali and Morten Lykkegaard Christensen, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark)

Chapter 8. Configuration of Membrane Distillation
(Francesca Macedonio and Enrico Drioli, Institute on Membrane Technology, University of Calabria, Italy, and others)

Chapter 9. Hybrid Configuration of Membrane Distillation: Vacuum Multi-Effect Membrane Distillation
(Jehad A. Kharraz, Muhammad Usman Farid, David von Eiff, Yonggang Gao, Zhiwei Shi and Alicia Kyoungjin An, Water and Membrane Technologies Laboratory, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China, and others)

Chapter 10. Hybrid Configuration of Membrane Distillation: Pressure-Retarded Osmosis and Reverse Osmosis with Membrane Distillation
(Ji Hoon Kim, Barrer Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK)

Chapter 11. Membrane Distillation Powered by Solar Thermal Energy: Pilot Projects
(J. A. Andrés-Mañas, A. Ruiz-Aguirre and G. Zaragoza, Universidad de Almería, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain, and others)

Chapter 12. Economic Analysis of Membrane Distillation
(Mikel C. Duke and Xing Yang, Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia)

Chapter 13. Perspectives in Membrane Distillation
(Francesca Macedonio and Enrico Drioli, Institute on Membrane Technology, University of Calabria, Italy, and others)

Index

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