Cancer: Survival, Quality of Life and Ethical Implications

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Breanne Lechner (Editor)
Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Ronald Chow (Editor)
Infinitas Research Group, London, Ontario, Canada

Natalie Pulenzas (Editor)
Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Marko Popovic (Editor)
Rapid Response Radiotherapy Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Na Zhang (Editor)
Professor of Radiation Oncology at Liaoning Province Cancer Hospital in China

Xiaojing Zhang, MD, PhD (Editor)
Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Dalian Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

Edward Chow, PhD (Editor)
Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada

Joav Merrick, MD, MMedSci, DMSc, (Editor)
Medical Director, Health Services, Division for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Ministry of Social Affairs and Social Services, Jerusalem, Israel
Division of Adolescent Medicine, KY Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Jerusalem, Israel
Division of Pediatrics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Centers, Mt Scopus Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Series: Health and Human Development
BISAC: MED062000

Several medical options in palliative care can have complex moral, religious, cultural, medical and legal issues. These treatment options, such as assisted suicide, rehydration, parenteral nutrition and cardiopulmonary resuscitation have been heavily debated in the literature. Physician-assisted suicide is a controversial topic for debate, with growing pressure from advocacy groups for legalization in regions that have yet to decide. Currently, there is substantial opposition from concerned medical professionals. However, a school of medical professionals acknowledges that physician-assisted suicide may have a role in terminal care.

The debate over the use of artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH) in terminal illness is also contentious despite extensive ethical and empirical research. Advocates for and against ANH both agree that the most compassionate and humane option for patients near the end of life is hospice and/or palliative care. However, many of those who support ANH do not seem to appreciate that the standard palliative practice is to avoid the use of ANH in almost all instances. These topics remain heavily disputed in the medical community. In formulating a satisfactory answer, we need to remind ourselves that we cannot generalize a treatment as a correct or incorrect option. Rather, we need to consider each case individually, weigh the risks and benefits of each treatment, and individually consider treatment options in a multidisciplinary care model.
(Imprint: Nova Biomedical)

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Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Preface

Introduction

Chapter 1
Ethics in Palliative Care
(Ronald Chow, Marko Popovic, Milica Milakovic, Edward Chow, and Joav Merrick, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and others)

Section One: Survival

Chapter 2
Survival Benefit from Palliative Treatment in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Selected Review
(Gordon Fu, Arnav Agarwal, Marko Popovic, Michael Lam, Milica Milakovic, Wayne Fu, Stephanie Cheon, Julia DiGiovanni, Ronald Chow, Terence Fu, Henry Lam, Breanne Lechner, Natalie Pulenzas, and Edward Chow, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)

Chapter 3
Social Work in End-of-Life Care: A Review of the Most Highly Cited Papers
(Blair Henry, Michael Lam, Ronald Chow, Leonard Chiu, Selina Chow, Edward Chow, Henry Lam, Natalie Pulenzas and Breanne Lechner, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)

Chapter 4
Predictive Models for Survival in Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Review
(Stephanie Cheon, Arnav Agarwal, Marko Popovic, Milica Milakovic, Wayne Fu, Gordon Fu, Breanne Lechner, Natalie Pulenzas, and Edward Chow, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)

Chapter 5
The Accuracy of Clinicians’ Predictions of Survival in Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Review
(Stephanie Cheon, Arnav Agarwal, Marko Popovic, Milica Milakovic, Michael Lam, Wayne Fu, Julia DiGiovanni, Henry Lam, Breanne Lechner, Natalie Pulenzas, and Edward Chow, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)

Chapter 6
Impaired Mental Capacity and Patients with Bone and Brain Metastases in Palliative Radiation Therapy Clinical Trials
(Kristopher Dennis, Kelly Linden, C Shun Wong, and Edward Chow, Division of Radiation Oncology, University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and others)

Chapter 7
Progression of Benign to Malignant Cartilage Tumor of the Femur
(Anthony Furfari, Marko Popovic, Breanne Lechner, Xixi Wu, Albert Yee, Edward Chow, and Xiaojing Zhang, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and others)

Section Two: Quality of Life

Chapter 8
Lung Cancer and Quality of Life
(Julia DiGiovanni, Marko Popovic, Edward Chow, David Cella, Jennifer L Beaumont, Jasmine Nguyen, Dominic Chu, Anthony Adili, Natalie Pulenzas, Breanne Lechner, Henry Lam, and Andrew Bottomley, Rapid Response Radiotherapy Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and others)

Chapter 9
Brain Metastases and Quality of Life
(Nemica Thavarajah, Gillian Bedard, Liying Zhang, David Cella, Jennifer L Beaumont, May Tsao, Elizabeth Barnes, Cyril Danjoux, Arjun Sahgal, Hany Soliman, and Edward Chow, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and others)

Chapter 10
Cancer and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
(Christina Crowe, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences, Yorkville University, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada)

Chapter 11
Social Determinants of Quality of Life in Advanced Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases
(Alvin Szeto, Paul Cheon, Liying Zhang, Natalie Pulenzas, Marc Kerba, Palmira Foro, Brita Danielson, Kinsey Lam, Breanne Lechner, and Edward Chow, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and others)

Section Three: Education and Ethics

Chapter 12
A Review of Medical Humanities Curriculum in Medical Schools
(Michael Lam, Breanne Lechner, Ronald Chow, Leonard Chiu, Nicholas Chiu, Henry Lam, Marko Popovic, Milica Milakovic, Carlo DeAngelis, Edward Chow, and Blair Henry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)

Section Four: Acknowledgements

Chapter 13
About the Editors

Chapter 14
About the Rapid Response Radiotherapy Program at the Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada

Chapter 15
About the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Israel

Chapter 16
About the Book Series “Health and Human Development”

Section Five: Index

Index

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