Ravindra Semwal¹, Ankit Kumar¹, Sunil Kumar Joshi² and Deepak Kumar Semwal^3
1Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, India
²Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, India
³Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, India

Part of the book: The Essential Guide to Alkaloids

Abstract

Since ancient times, people have used plants containing alkaloids as remedies in the form of teas, poultices, potions, etc. to treat some diseases or sometimes as poison and dyes. They are generally basic compounds having a bitter taste and contained nitrogen in their structure. The widespread distribution of alkaloids and their wide array of structures makes their classification often difficult, hence, there are different classification methods are been reported for better understanding. There are various extraction and isolation methods, available to obtain alkaloids in a smooth manner, where some are common and some are specific. Because of the medicinal use of alkaloids, proper identification is needed for safety purposes for which, a number of identification tests are available. In modern days, the biological significance of alkaloids depends on their significant relationship with health benefits. In general, many alkaloids are pharmacologically active and possess various physiological activities in humans and animals. Herein, this work is a comprehensive revision of the web of knowledge on the introductory sight of alkaloids, their classification, extraction techniques, identification tests and pharmaceutical applications.

Keywords: quinoline alkaloids, tropane alkaloids, Solanaceae, pharmaceutical application, natural alkaloids

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