Approaches to Pediatric Neurosurgical Emergencies

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Virendra Deo Sinha – Senior Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur India
Rakesh Kumar Mishra – Assistant Professor, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Institute of Medical Services, Trauma Centre and Mahamana Centenary Superspecialty Hospital, Banaras Hindu University, Varanas, India
Amit Agrawal – Professor, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

Series: Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine
BISAC: HEA039110; MED015000; MED026000
DOI: 10.52305/RNLC1224

Neurosurgical emergencies, both traumatic and non-traumatic, may progress rapidly and if timely emergency management is not offered, these can lead to permanent neurological damage and disabilities. The spectrum of pediatric neurosurgical emergencies can range from traumatic brain injuries, infection, vascular lesions, acute hydrocephalus, and so on. Pediatric neurosurgical emergencies represent a challenging situation in the emergency room as in children it may be difficult to differentiate the etiology. This book provides an overview of pediatric neurosurgical emergencies, emergency room management and resuscitation, neurocritical care and fluid resuscitation in children. It covers the spectrum of common acute pediatric neurosurgical disorders that may be encountered in the emergency room and require urgent neurosurgical intervention.

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Table of Contents

Preface

Chapter 1. Pediatric Neurosurgical Emergencies: General Concepts
Dr. MD, Krishna Narayanan¹ and Dr. Harsh Deora²
¹Department of Neurosurgery, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, India
²Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

Chapter 2. Emergency Room Management and Resuscitation
Pragya Gupta¹, Joyti Pal¹, Devendra Gupta¹ and Ved Prakash Maurya²
¹Department of Anaesthesiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
²Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

Chapter 3. Pediatric Neurocritical Care
Indubala Maurya¹, MD, DNB and Ram Gopal Maurya², MD, PDCC
¹Department of Anaesthesiology, Kalyan Singh Super Speciality Cancer Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
²Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical care, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Sitapur, UP, India

Chapter 4. Fluid Resuscitation in Children
Pragya Gupta¹, Joyti Pal¹, Rudrashish Haldar¹ and Ved Prakash Maurya²
¹Department of Anaesthesiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
²Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

Chapter 5. Anaesthesia and Sedation Procedures
Ram Gopal Maurya¹ and Indubala Maurya²
¹Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical care, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Sitapur, UP, India
²Department of Anaesthesiology, Kalyan Singh Super Speciality Cancer Institute, Lucknow, UP, India

Chapter 6. Emergency Pediatric Neurosurgical Workforce
M.D. Krishna Narayanan¹ and Deora Harsh²
¹Department of Neurosurgery, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, India
²Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

Chapter 7. Decision Making in Pediatric Emergencies: Approach, Investigations, and Treatment
Mohan Raj Sharma, MS, Sandesh Dahal, MS, Gopal Sedain, MCh, and Farrokh Farrokhi, MD
¹Department of Neurosurgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
²Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, Seattle, USA

Chapter 8. Inter Hospital Transfer of Pediatric Neurosurgical Patients
Gopal Sedain, MS, MCh and Mohan Raj Sharma, MS
Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal

Chapter 9. Understanding Pediatric Head Injuries
Dr. M. S. Sridhar and Dr Krishan K. Yadav
Command Hospital Air Force Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Chapter 10. Elevated Skull Fractures
Dr. Amitabha Das
Dept of Neurosurgery, Park Clinic, Kolkata, India

Chapter 11. Endoscopic Treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematoma
S. Ratre, M. N. Swamy, V. Parihar, M. Sinha, J. Bajaj, K. Hedaoo and Y. R. Yadav
Department of Neurosurgery, Superspeciality Hospital, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College Jabalpur M. P., Jabalpur, India

Chapter 12. Neurovascular Emergencies (Stroke and Intracranial Hemorrhage)
Tariq Janjua, MD
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Physician Regional Medical Center, Naples, Florida, USA

Chapter 13. Management of Posterior Fossa Tumour Associated Hydrocephalus in Pediatric Patients
Raghu Samala¹, MS, MCh and Ramesh Doddamani², MS, MCh
¹Department of Neurosurgery, AIG Hospital, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
²Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

Chapter 14. Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy in Pediatric Hydrocephalus
Rashim Kataria¹, Jitin Bajaj² and YR Yadav²
¹Department of Neurosurgery SMS Medical College Jaipur, India
²Department of Neurosurgery, NSCB Medical College Jabalpur, India

Chapter 15. Management of Pediatric Spinal Injuries
Orlin Pavlov, MD
Consultant for Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Helios Klinikum Krefeld, Germany

Chapter 16. Spinal Cord Injury without Radiological Abnormality
Manish Joseph Mathew, MCh, DNB, MNAMS
Department of Neurosurgery, Government Medical College, Calicut, India

Chapter 17. Acute Paraplegia in a Child
Ravi Dadlani¹ and Palaniappan Manickam Jagannath²
¹Department of Neurosurgery, Phoenix Hospital, Abu Dhabi, UAE
²Department of Neurosurgery, Seven Hills Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

Chapter 18. Spina Bifida: Emergency Perspectives
K. K. Yadav and M. S. Sridhar
Professors and Senior Consultants Neurosurgery, Command Hospital Air Force Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

Chapter 19. Ruptured Meningomyelocele (Including Impending Rupture)
Ved Prakash Maurya, Abhirama C. Gabbita, Arun Kumar Srivastava and Raj Kumar
Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

Chapter 20. Odontoid Fractures in Children
Dilip Dutta, MBBS, MS, MRCS, DNB Neurosurgery
Consultant, Department of Neurosurgery, Narayana Multispeciality Hospital, Howrah, West Bengal, India

Chapter 21. Endoscopic Anterior Approaches for Cranio-Vertebral Anomaly: Emergency Perspectives
J. Bajaj, Y. R. Yadav, S. Ratre and V. S. Parihar
Department of Neurosurgery, Superspeciality Hospital, NSCB Medical College,

Chapter 22. Rehabilitation Following Paediatric Spinal Cord Injuries
Vinu V. Gopal and Parth Prakashbhai Vala
Department of Neurosurgery, Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala, India

Index

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